A Stereotype: a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing.
A Caricature: a picture, description, or imitation of a person in which certain striking characteristics are exaggerated in order to create a comic or grotesque effect.
From Google Definitions

Caricatures of the attendees at an Australian suffragette meeting.

The stereotype versus the caricature.

The Stereotype of a Suffragette from the viewpoint of those against the suffragette movement.